| Abbreviation | Definition |
|---|---|
| SALT | South American Lithosphere Transect |
| SAM | southern annular mode |
| SAME | Specific Area Message Encoder |
| SAMOS | Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System |
| SAMS | Surface Automated Meteorological System |
| SAO | Surface Aviation Observation |
| SARP | Sectoral Applications Research Program |
| SAT | Surface Air Temperature |
| SATCOM | Satellite Communications System |
| SAWRS | Supplementary Aviation Weather Reporting Station |
| SB | Storm Breaking |
| SBF | Sea Breeze Front |
| SBUB | Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet |
| SBUV | Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Instrument |
| SC | Storm Centre |
| SC | Storm Cone |
| SCAR | Smoke, Clouds, and Radiation |
| SCAS | Spatial Climate Analysis Service |
| SCCP | Scottish Climate Change Programme |
| SCIT | Storm Cell Identification Table |