| Abbreviation | Definition |
|---|---|
| MOS | Mountain Ocean Sunshine |
| MOSES | Modular Operational Soil Erosion System |
| MOSP | Mollusk Organ Study Project |
| MOST | Method Of Splitting Tsunami |
| MP | Mini Plankton |
| MPE | Mission to Planet Earth |
| MPI | Marine Pollution Incident |
| MPI | Max-Planck Institute for Meteorology |
| MPIF | Message Passing Interface Forum |
| MPMS | Multi-Purpose Marine Simulator |
| MPP | Massively Parallel Processor |
| MPR | Monthly Program Review |
| MRAO | Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory |
| MRC | Marine Research Corporation |
| MRD | Mesoscale Research Division |
| MRF | Medium Range Forecast |
| MRFSS | Marine Recreational Fishing Statistics Survey |
| MRI | Meteorological Research Institute |
| MRIP | Marine Research Intern Program |
| MRP | Mississippi River Plume |